Annual Summary of Disease Activity:
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Streptococcal Invasive Disease Group A, 2014
MDH has been conducting active surveillance for invasive disease caused by group A Streptococcus (GAS), also known as Streptococcus pyogenes, since 1995. Invasive GAS is defined as GAS isolated from a normally sterile site such as blood, cerebrospinal fluid, or from a wound when accompanied with necrotizing fasciitis or streptococcal toxic shock syndrome (STSS).
Two hundred fifty-nine cases of invasive GAS disease (4.8 cases per 100,000 population), including 27 deaths, were reported in 2014, compared to 209 cases and 14 deaths in 2013. Ages of cases ranged from 0 to 98 years (median, 58 years). Fifty-eight percent of cases were residents of the metropolitan area. One hundred (39%) cases had cellulitis, 55 (21%) had bacteremia without another focus of infection, 49 (19%) had septic arthritis and/or osteomyelitis, 21 (8%) cases had an abscess, 32 (12%) cases had septic shock, and 15 (6%) had necrotizing fasciitis. Seventeen (7%) cases were residents of long-term care facilities. Sixteen facilities had only 1 case, and one facility had 2 invasive GAS cases.
The 27 deaths included 3 cases of bacteremia without another focus of infection, 14 cases septic shock, 4 cases of necrotizing fasciitis, 7 cases of cellulitis, and 6 cases of pneumonia. One case had multiple syndromes including necrotizing fasciitis, septic shock, cellulitis, and septic arthritis. The deaths occurred in persons ranging in age from 40 to 89 years. One fatal case had no underlying medical conditions reported. Of the 23 cases where underlying medical condition was known the most frequently reported were diabetes (7), heart failure (6), obesity (6), COPD (5), asthma (5), and current smoking (5).
- For up to date information see>> Group A Streptococcus (GAS)
- Full issue>> Annual Summary of Communicable Diseases Reported to the Minnesota Department of Health, 2014